1. Martin Van Buren.
   Donald Trump.
2. John F. Kennedy.
   James Monroe.

Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States. Sometimes nicknamed “JFK,” he was assassinated November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas.

1. Dwight Eisenhower
   General Ulysses Grant.
2. Gerald Ford.
   Theodore Roosevelt.

Theodore Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States. He was a strong advocate for increasing the National Park System and 230 million acres of public lands were established during his presidency.

1. John Quincy Adams.
   Harry S. Truman.
2. George Washington.
   Grover Cleveland.

Truman was the 33rd President of the United States. Upon his election, the Chicago Tribune prematurely predicted his defeat and ran the headline: “Dewey Defeats Truman.”

1. Abraham Lincoln.
   George W. Bush.
2. Franklin D. Roosevelt.
   Barack Obama.

Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States. His election was the spark that caused the South to secede from the Union.

1. “One man with courage makes a majority.”
   “It’s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure why take the chance.”
2. “There will be no whitewash in the White House.”
   “My opponents misunderestimated me.”

Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States. Although Jackson is noted for developing the “spoils system” where friends were appointed to office, he was also the only U. S. President to pay off the national debt during his presidency. The other quotes were said by: (b) Reagan (c) Nixon and (d) George W. Bush.

1. John Adams.
   Lyndon B. Johnson.
2. Warren G. Harding.
   Franklin Delano Roosevelt.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (nicknamed FDR) was the 32nd President of the United States. He was the only President elected to four terms in office (he died at the beginning of his fourth).

1. Ronald Reagan.
   Theodore Roosevelt.
2. Jimmy Carter.
   Barack Obama.

Carter was the 39th President of the United States. His Presidency was filled with economic troubles and saw a 14-month standoff with hostages in Iran that ended when he left office.

1. John F. Kennedy.
   George Washington.
2. Willam Howard Taft.
   William McKinley, Jr.

Washington was the first President of the United States. He was also the first general in history to win a revolutionary war and not seize control of the nation. Washington resigned his commission as Commander-in-Chief December 23, 1783. Congress ruled the country until the first Presidential election was held 1788-1789.

1. Andrew Johnson.
   Woodrow Wilson.
2. Benjamin Harrison.
   Grover Cleveland.

Wilson was the 28th President of the United States. His Presidency occurred during World War I, and he was known for the idea of the League of Nations (a United Nations precursor).

1. “It was involuntary. They sank my boat.”
   “I guess it proves that in America anyone can be President.”
2. “A man is not finished when he is defeated. He is finished when he quits.”
   “No one ever listened himself out of a job.”

Richard Nixon was the 37th President of the United States. Although his presidency is most famous for the Watergate scandal, he also ended the Vietnam War and arranged for the release of POWs, improved relations with China, and enforced desegregation of Southern schools. The other quotes were said by: (a) Kennedy (b) Ford and (d) Coolidge.

1. Gerald Ford.
   James Madison.
2. Herbert Hoover.
   General Ulysses S. Grant.

Herbert Hoover was the 31st President of the United States. He was President during the Great Depression and enacted a “hands-off” policy when it came to the economy.

1. Andrew Jackson.
   Chester Arthur.
2. John Adams.
   Ronald Reagan.

Ronald Reagan was the 40th President of the United States. He began his career as a sports commentator and then moved to acting before running for President.

1. George H. W. Bush.
   Calvin Coolidge.
2. Herbert Hoover.
   Lyndon B. Johnson.

Calvin Coolidge was the 30th President of the United States. He was the only United States President born on Independence Day (1872).

1. Martin Van Buren,
   Thomas Jefferson.
2. John Tyler.
   William McKinley, Jr.

Jefferson was the 3rd President of the United States. As a founding father, he was most known for being the primary author of the Declaration of Independence, but his presidency was also marked by the Louisiana Purchase, which almost doubled the size of the United States.

1. James Madison.
   Barack Obama.
2. George Washington.
   Andrew Johnson.

Andrew Johnson was the 17th President of the United States. He is probably best known for buying Alaska from the Russians for the United States.

1. “Have you not learned that not stocks or bonds or stately houses or products of the mill or field are in our country? It is a spiritual thought that is in our minds.”
   “God knows that I have endeavored to fulfill what I conceived to be an honest duty, but I have been mistaken. My motives have been misconstrued, and my feelings most grossly outraged.”
2. “Those who deny freedom to others deserve it not themselves and, under a just God, can not long retain it.”
   “Any man worth his salt will stick up for what he believes right, but it takes a slightly better man to acknowledge without reservation that he is in error.”

Taylor was elected as the 12th President of the United States. Chosen because of his lack of political background, the committee thought he would be easy to control, but he wasn’t. He died in office under mysterious circumstances and even a coroner’s exam could not put to rest the idea he was poisoned. The other quotes were said by: (a) Harrison (b) Lincoln and (d) Jackson.

1. George H. W. Bush.
   Milliard Fillmore
2. Donald Trump.
   Thomas Jefferson.

Bush was the 41st President of the United States. The Berlin Wall that had divided Eastern and Western Europe since World War II was torn down during his presidency.

1. Grover Cleveland.
   Warren G. Harding.
2. William Henry Harrison.
   James K. Polk.

Harrison was the 9th President of the United States. He was the last President who was a British subject by birth. He died of pneumonia 31 days into his presidency.

1. William McKinley, Jr.
   James A. Garfield.
2. John Adams.
   Theodore Roosevelt..

Garfield was the 20th President of the United States. He was shot by a Washington lawyer who had been refused a consular post appointment and died from infection only 200 days after he was elected.

1. “Do you realize the responsibility I carry? I’m the only person standing between Nixon and the White House.”
   “An atheist is a guy who watches a Notre Dame-SMC football game and doesn’t care who wins.”
2. “I know only two tunes: One of them is Yankee Doodle, and the other isn’t.”
   “If I were two-faced, would I be wearing this one?”

Grant was the 18th President of the United States and took office upon Lincoln’s assassination. He nearly missed being assassinated with Lincoln. The other quotes were said by: (a) Kennedy (b) Eisenhower and (d) Lincoln.

1. Andrew Jackson.
   James Madison.
2. General Ulysses S. Grant.
   William Howard Taft.

Taft was the 27th President of the United States and was the 10th Chief Justice of the United States (the only person to serve in both those positions). Unfortunately, he also has the distinction of supporting the 16th Amendment, which legalized income tax.

1. Dwight D. Eisenhower.
   James Buchanan.
2. Grover Cleveland.
   Barack Obama.

Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States and a five-star general during World War II. He had an eventful presidency that included ending McCarthyism, signing the Civil Rights Act of 1957, and establishing the Interstate Highway System.

1. Rutherford B. Hayes.
   John Adams.
2. Lyndon B. Johnson.
   Woodrow Wilson.

Johnson was the 36th President of the United States. Johnson was President during the Civil Rights Movement and pushed Congress to pass the Civil Rights Bill of 1964, fulfilling a promise to finish what Kennedy had started.

1. William McKinley, Jr.
   James Monroe.
2. Donald Trump.
   Jimmy Carter.

Monroe was the 5th President of the United States. He was the last President considered a “Founding Father.” Jefferson once said, “Monroe was so honest that if you turned his soul inside out there would not be a spot on it.”

1. This is a government of the people by the people and for the people no longer. It is a government of corporation by corporation for corporation.”
   “Let us resolve to be masters, not the victims, of our history, controlling our own destiny without giving way to blind suspicions and emotions.”
2. “I will never apologize for the United States of America. I don’t care what the facts are.”
   “When you are in any contest, you should work as if there were—to the very last minute—a chance to lose it.”

Within 10 years of Hayes’ statement (1886), corporations were given the rights of “natural persons” by the Supreme Court and protected by the Bill of Rights. Although the 14th Amendment nominally gave ex-slaves the right to vote, they did not acquire its full protection until the 1950s and women were not written in it until after the 1920s. The other quotes were said by: (b) Kennedy (c) Bush and (d) Eisenhower.

1. Grover Cleveland.
   Gerald Ford.
2. Calvin Coolidge.
   Bill J. Clinton.

Clinton was the 42nd President of the United States. He was the first President to set up an official White House website (whitehouse.gov), and had a generally eventful, if not controversial, presidency where many bills were passed including, NAFTA, Don’t Ask; Don’t Tell, increasing the death penalty (the Omnibus Crime Bill), and requiring background checks and waiting periods for purchasing guns.

1. Dwight Eisenhower.
   William McKinley, Jr.
2. Millard Fillmore.
   James Madison.

Millard Fillmore was the 13th President of the United States. Fillmore (a Whig) was the last President who was neither Republican nor Democrat. He was successful in his bid to get California admitted as a free (as opposed to slave) state.

1. Herbert Hoover.
   George W. Bush.
2. Franklin Roosevelt.
   William Taft.

Bush was the 43rd President of the United States and son of President George H. W. Bush. He was President during the 9/11 terrorist attacks where nearly 3,000 people died.

1. Gerald Ford.
   John Adams.
2. Abraham Lincoln.
   Donald Trump.

Ford was the 38th President of the United States. He became vice-president under the 25th Amendment when Spiro Agnew resigned and then became president upon Nixon's resignation. As such, he was the first person to hold both positions without being elected to them.

1. John Tyler.
   Benjamin Harrison.
2. Barack Obama.
   William Taft.

Obama was the 44th President of the United States. During his presidency, he supported and signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (sometimes referred to as “Obamacare”), which was fought in the Supreme Court and declared legal as a tax bill.

1. “The best minds are not in government. If they were, business would hire them away.”
   “The mission of the United States is one of benevolent assimilation.”
2. “God knows I detest slavery, but it is an existing evil for which we are not responsible, and we must endure it until we can get rid of it without destroying the last hope of free government in the world.”
   “It is hard to fail, but it is worse never to have tried to succeed. In this life we get nothing save by effort.”

William McKinley was the 25th President of the United States. He was reluctant to enter into the Spanish-American War over Cuba’s independence, but the American people were sympathetic to the Cuban cause. The other quotes were said by: (a) Reagan (c) Fillmore and (d) Theodore Roosevelt.

1. George Washington.
   Abraham Lincoln.
2. John F. Kennedy.
   Grover Cleveland.

Cleveland was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. He stalled the annexation of Hawaii and attempted to restore power to Queen Liliuokalani. Hawaii was not annexed until 1898 under McKinley.

1. Thomas Jefferson.
   Donald Trump.
2. John Quincy Adams.
   Woodrow Wilson.

The current (45th) President of the United States is President Donald Trump. Most agree that President Trump’s campaign was filled with controversy, including some he stirred up himself. Continuing his pattern of being first to the fight, he filed to run for reelection in 2020 the same day he was inaugurated as President in 2017.

1. John Adams.
   Franklin Pierce.
2. Martin Van Buren.
   James Polk.

Adams was the 2nd President of the United States. He was the first President to move into the White House.

1. “Take time to deliberate, but when the time for action arrives, stop thinking and go in.”
   “It is the duty of all nations to acknowledge the providence of Almighty God, to obey His will, to be grateful for His benefits, and humbly to implore His protection and favors.”
2. “If men were angels, no government would be necessary.”
   “I don’t like that man. I must get to know him better.”

Madison was the 4th President of the United States. He was the only president to lead troops in battle while president, and his wife, Dolly, saved many important things from the White House before the British burned it while he was away fighting. The other quotes were said by: (a) Jackson (b) Washington and (d) Lincoln.